Costus speciosus J Koenig (Costaceae) exerts anti-proliferative effect on breast cancer cells via induction of cell cycle arrest and inhibition of activity of metalloproteinase-2


 Purpose: To Investigate the antiproliferative effect of n-hexane-diethyl ether fraction Costus speciosus (NP) on triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells, and mechanism involved.
 Methods: Maceration with methanol (CH3OH) was used for extraction rhizomes. Chromatographic separation to obtain non-polar via elution n-hexane:(C2H5)2O at a volume ratio 9:1. The cytotoxic NP evaluated against two cell lines i.e., positive ER (MCF-7) employing 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) MTT) assay, IC50 values were estimated. Cell cycle determined flow cytometry, while likely involved in investigated using comet immunofluorescence, clonogenic scratch assays, zymography detection antioxidant markers.
 Results: produced potent cytotoxicity MDA-MB-231, value 4 ± 0.03 μg/mL, whereas its MCF-7 27 1.3 μg/mL. It induced apoptosis arrest G1 phase. Moreover, markedly decreased levels superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2), MDA-MB-231 cells. it inhibited migration colony formation.
 Conclusion: Non-polar exerted cells (MCF-7). formation. Interestingly, arrested cycles sub-G1 phase, SOD MMP-2, GSH levels. DNA damage, downregulation mutant p53, over-expressions inhibitors p21 p27.